Anxiety, Phobias and Post
Traumatic Stress:
An Introduction to different Anxiety Disorders
Everyone experiences nervousness or worries at some time in stressful
situations. For some people, anxiety can take on a different dimension,
including outright fear and panic, or a disabling daily condition,
which is affecting your capacity to live the life you want to.
Some of the main types of Anxiety Disorder are given
below:
- Anxiety Disorder caused by a Medical Condition:
Sometimes a physical problem or condition such as a hormonal imbalance,
breathing or heart problems can cause an anxiety condition;
- Phobias: If you have a phobia
then you experience fear in
situations where there is actually little or no danger.You might
for example have a specific fear of flying, or of spiders, or of closed
spaces, or of bridges. One of the main types of phobia is social
phobia,
which involves a fear of embarrassing yourself in social situations or
at particular kinds of event such as parties, presentations or meetings;
- Panic Disorder: As the name implies, this
involves having
panic attacks unexpectedly or repeatedly for no apparent rational
reason. Panic attacks are not life threatening but when they are
experienced you may feel as if you are about to die or
have
a heart attack;
- Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: If you have
experienced
or witnessed a traumatic event such as a serious car accident, a bomb,
a natural disaster or a personal trauma such as sexual or physical
assault, it can lead to a range of symptoms including recurring
nightmares, irritability, concentration difficulties, severe anxiety or
fear that the event might recur;
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Someone who
has experienced 6 months or more of severe worry and tension
which
is either not warranted by their situation or is much more than the
levels of anxiety which most people would feel in the situation may be suffering from Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Most commonly
the anxiety might be about health, work, financial or family issues;
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: This involves
experiencing
unwanted thoughts or compulsive behaviours which seem impossible to
control and which are either senseless, harmful or socially
unacceptable.
- Substance Induced Anxiety Disorder: Drugs such as
alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines and sedatives can alter a person's mood
and make them feel anxious or worried.
Simple
things that you can do if you suffer from any of the above include:
- Learning a method of relaxation to practise
regularly, such
as breathing in a relaxed, slow way from the diaphragm, focusing
on breaths and counting them down from say 30 or 40;
- Focusing on essential activities that you
have to achieve in the day and eliminating unnecessary activities that
might produce excessive stress;
- Identifying the negative thoughts that tend to run through
your mind when you are getting anxious and preparing
coping statements which you can say to yourself when the situation presents, to remind
yourself of what is happening and help you. For example, if you
have a panic attack you may find it helpful to remind yourself
that anxiety and panic attacks are not life-threatening, just
uncomfortable, or if you are experiencing symptoms of post
traumatic stress disorder, because of a past event, you might
remind themself that the event is in the past and that you are safe
now;
Appropriate support from a life coach, counsellor,
social worker or health professional with appropriate experience in dealing
with anxiety disorders can also be invaluable in helping a person to
devise more specific strategies.
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Further Information
For information about an eBook guide to CBT techniques for dealing with negative thoughts, go to: CBT Techniques